Western Cape Province Study
Study profileDescription
This study is a population-level cohort study linking clinic data and genomic surveillance data to monitor SARS-CoV-2 outcomes, vaccination, and variant trends in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. The study utilises electronic health records and integrates data across various sources, including COVID-19 diagnoses, clinical outcomes, admissions, mortality data, and vaccination records.
Countries involved: South Africa
Sample size: 1.2 million children and adolescents aged <20 years and ~120,000 pregnancies per year
Related publications:
- Hussey H, Davies MA, Heekes A, et al. Assessing the clinical severity of the Omicron variant in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, using the diagnostic PCR proxy marker of RdRp target delay to distinguish between Omicron and Delta infections – a survival analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2022;118:150-154. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.02.051
- Davies MA, Morden E, Rousseau P, et al. Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during resurgence driven by Omicron lineages BA.4 and BA.5 compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Int J Infect Dis. 2023;127:63-68. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.11.024
- Davies MA, Kassanjee R, Rousseau P, et al. Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Omicron-driven fourth wave compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. Trop Med Int Health. 2022;27(6):564-573. doi:10.1111/tmi.13752
- Kassanjee R, Davies MA, Ngwenya O, et al. COVID-19 among adults living with HIV: correlates of mortality among public sector healthcare users in Western Cape, South Africa. J Int AIDS Soc. 2023;26(6):e26104. doi:10.1002/jia2.26104
- Kehoe K, Morden E, Zinyakatira N, et al. Lower respiratory tract infection admissions and deaths among children under 5 years in public sector facilities in the Western Cape Province, South Africa, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019 – 2021). S Afr Med J. 2024;114(3):e1560. Published 2024 Mar 18. doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2024.v114i3.1560
- Kassanjee R, Davies MA, Heekes A, et al. COVID-19 vaccine uptake and effectiveness by time since vaccination in the Western Cape province, South Africa: An observational cohort study during 2020-2022. Preprint. medRxiv. 2024;2024.01.24.24301721. Published 2024 Jan 25. doi:10.1101/2024.01.24.24301721
- Kehoe K, Morden E, Zinyakatira N, et al. Diarrhoeal admissions among children aged <5 years in public sector facilities in Western Cape Province, South Africa, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019 – 2021). S Afr Med J. 2025;115(7):e2726. Published 2025 Aug 1. doi:10.7196/SAMJ.2025.v115i7.2726
Metadata collected
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| Data collected? | ||||||||||||||
| Demographics | ||||||||||||||
| Date of birth (full or MM/YY) | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Age at contact | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Sex / gender | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Country of birth | ||||||||||||||
| Ethnic group / race / population sector | ||||||||||||||
| Income level | ||||||||||||||
| Employment / occupation | ||||||||||||||
| Other socio-economic status proxy | ||||||||||||||
| Education level | ||||||||||||||
| Civil status (‘marital’) | ||||||||||||||
| Locality (of health care provision) | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Locality (of residence) | ||||||||||||||
| Household size | ||||||||||||||
| Household composition | ||||||||||||||
| Hospitalisation | ||||||||||||||
| Admission / discharge dates or duration | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Episode dates | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Episode type (e.g., general; birth) | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Diagnosis (e.g., codes) | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Procedures (e.g., codes) | ✅ # | |||||||||||||
| Procedures dates | ✅ # | |||||||||||||
| Dispensed medications | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| ICU admission | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Admission type (planned/emergency) | ||||||||||||||
| Hospitalisation for COVID-19 | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| # subset | ||||||||||||||
| Primary care, outpatient care | ||||||||||||||
| Date of visit / contact | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Diagnosis codes | ||||||||||||||
| Dispensed medications codes | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Dispensed medications date | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Primary care utilisation summary | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Health status and exposures | ||||||||||||||
| Height | ||||||||||||||
| Weight | ||||||||||||||
| Date of anthropometrics | ||||||||||||||
| Chronic / co-morbid conditions~ | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Medications for chronic conditions | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Smoker in household | ||||||||||||||
| Current smoker | ||||||||||||||
| ~ can include obesity | ||||||||||||||
| Vaccines | ||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 vaccine (timing, doses) | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Type of COVID-19 vaccine | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Other vaccinations / vaccination history | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| COVID-19 symptoms & contacts | ||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 episodes | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| COVID-19 symptoms (type, severity, duration) | ||||||||||||||
| Influenza-like symptoms (type, timing, duration) | ||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 health-seeking behaviour | ||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 contacts in household | ||||||||||||||
| Medications during C-19 episode | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Pregnancy & birth | ||||||||||||||
| Date of delivery | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Length of gestation | ||||||||||||||
| Birthweight | ||||||||||||||
| Maternal age at delivery | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Pregnancy complications | ✅ ^ | |||||||||||||
| Smoking pre-pregnancy | ||||||||||||||
| Vaccines in pregnancy (non-COVID-19) | ||||||||||||||
| Parity / nulliparity | ||||||||||||||
| Pre-pregnancy body mass index | ||||||||||||||
| Pregnancy outcome (e.g. miscarriage) | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Mode of delivery | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Sex of baby | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Congenital anomalies | ||||||||||||||
| Other newborn complications | ||||||||||||||
| Placental weight | ||||||||||||||
| Antenatal care usage | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Currently pregnant | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| ^if results in hospitalisation | ||||||||||||||
| Death | ||||||||||||||
| Date of / age at death | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Cause of death | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| COVID-19 laboratory tests | ||||||||||||||
| Sample type tested | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Sample / specimen collection date | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| SARS-CoV-2 PCR test date | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| SARS-CoV-2 PCR pos / neg result | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| SARS-CoV-2 PCR Ct Value | ||||||||||||||
| SARS-CoV-2 LFT test date | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| SARS-CoV-2 LFT test result | ✅ | |||||||||||||
| Serology test date | ||||||||||||||
| Serology test results | ||||||||||||||
| SARS- COV-2 genomic test results | ||||||||||||||
| SARS- COV-2 variant/ lineage | ||||||||||||||
| Other lab tests | ||||||||||||||
| COVID-19 sample collection / storage | ||||||||||||||
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| Sample collection date | ||||||||||||||
| Sample collection time | ||||||||||||||
| Sample processing | ||||||||||||||
| Sample quality | ||||||||||||||
| Consent to use research sample | ||||||||||||||
| Consent to share research sample | ||||||||||||||